Periferal Berbahaya: Memahami Thunderspy

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Tahun demi tahun, kita menyaksikan kemajuan teknologi: kekuatan komputer tumbuh, kecepatan transfer data meningkat, standar baru muncul ... Tapi, seperti yang dikatakan dalam satu film terkenal, tanggung jawab besar datang dengan kekuatan besar! Apa yang kita dapatkan (selain kecepatan tinggi) dari standar dan antarmuka baru? Ancaman apa yang dipenuhi Thunderbolt dan USB4? Apakah Thunderspy berbahaya saat mereka menggambarkannya? Mari kita cari tahu!


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«» : . , , , . : , - , «» , . :


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, Intel 8086, , - (Input/Output, I/O). I/O, «IO/M», . 0x0000 0xFFFF:


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I/O- x86 x86-64. , I/O- in out:


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I/O- , :


  • PS/2;
  • RTC – ;
  • COM- LPT-;
  • IDE- .

: DMA


, - : I/O- -, in 32 . . !
(Direct Memory Access, DMA). , , :


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, (USB, SATA, NVMe, Wi-Fi):


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DMA-


, , . , , , . , – , , PCI Leech:


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DMA- . PCI PCI Express, DMA, , . DMA- IEEE 1394 (FireWire), :


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Thunderbolt


Thunderbolt. Thunderbolt- PCI Express: PCI Express .
- :


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… PCI Express:


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, , Thunderbolt-, ! .


Thunderbolt . , . , BIOS, :


  • (SL0);
  • (SL1, SL2);
  • (SL3).

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User Authorization (SL1), Windows :


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, .


I/O MMU


, – « – »? Apple, Thunderbolt. Thunderbolt- MacBook iMac , .


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I/O MMU (Input/Output Memory Management Unit), .


, – DMA-. PCI Express , I/O MMU «» , . I/O MMU .


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Apple Microsoft . 2019 « DMA », Thunderbolt- BIOS.


Thunderspy – !


, Thunderbolt Thunderspy. Thunderbolt - . , .


1.


- Thunderbolt 3 , USB Type C Power Delivery (PD):


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, ! , Thunderbolt No Security, .


Thunderbolt Controller Firmware Patcher, . .


, . – , PCI Express , .


2.


«» , . Secure Connect UUID SL2 ( ).


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, Thunderbolt- . Thunderbolt 3 UUID . Thunderbolt 3 128- UUID:


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64- UUID Thunderbolt 2 UUID DROM, 128- : DROM .


3.


Thunderbolt- (, , ) DROM, :


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«» Thunderbolt-, , .


, Thunderbolt, – Thunderclap. , Apple MacOS « » Thunderbolt- . , (Apple ID Thunderbolt-? ?).


PCI-Express-. DROM , , .


4. Thunderbolt 1 2


№ 2, Thunderbolt 3 ( UUID) Thunderbolt 2. UUID , , , .


, .


5. Thunderbolt


Thunderbolt- UEFI:


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UEFI , BIOS . , BIOS .


Windows, Linux , :


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6. SPI


, , , SPI-- ( , ), / .


UEFI , . , , ! Linux , . , , , .


7. Thunderbolt Boot Camp


, Apple Thunderbolt I/O MMU. , MacBook I/O MMU, . Apple :


Some of the hardware security features you outlined are only available when users run macOS. If users are concerned about any of the issues in your paper, we recommend that they use macOS.

Thunderbolt, C Windows Apple. MacBook I/O MMU BIOS , DMA Windows .


Windows DMA .


Thunderspy:


, Thunderbolt - , PCI-Express-.


, , , «» PCI-Express PCI Leech.


: Bitlocker TrueCrypt .


Thunderbolt 4/USB4


, , .
Intel Ice Lake Thunderbolt 3 ( BIOS , Intel ME). I/O MMU DMA- Thunderbolt.


USB4 – PCI Express, . I/O MMU, USB4. Microsoft Windows DMA- Thunderspy.



. , . (DMA ), (I/O MMU).


« Thunderbolt»? , . Thunderspy , DisplayPort & USB Only No Security Thunderbolt . ( ) Thunderbolt.
USB4 – , !



Raccoon Security – «» , , , .


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