Artikel ini membahas aspek-aspek berikut:
- Cerita
- Metabolisme glukosa
- Risiko metabolisme karbohidrat dan pemantauan glukosa
- Manfaat Diet Vegetarian
- Biohack sederhana yang dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup
- temuan

Cerita
Glukosa pertama kali diisolasi pada 1747 dari kismis oleh Andreas Marggraf. Nama "glukosa" diciptakan pada tahun 1838 oleh Jean Dumas berdasarkan kata Yunani "glikos", yang berarti "gula" atau "manis".
, , dexter . , D- L- . D- L-, , (C=O) . , โ , , โ D- L-.
, . , 1902 .
, - . , , .
, , :
โ 1922 .
โ - 1929 ยซ ยป.
โ 1947 โ , .
โ 1970 , , .
.
โ , , , . 100, 32, , , .
, , , , [1].
(, ) (, , ) . .
โ , . โ , .
โ . -6-, -1,6- , . 2 . . 2 . 36 , .

โ . CO2 - () H +[2].
. , ฮฑ-D ฮฒ-D- .
โ . , , - , , . , , 10%. . [3]

2

, โ . . 2 โ , , . 1 โ , , - . - . : . , . .
190 .

:
- โ ,
- ( โ ) โ
- , , , , , , , .
:
. โ โ 2 . , .. , . 680 .
โ 4.1-7.8 /. 11.1 / โ .
, .
โ . . , -- . , , , , , , [4] [5].
, , [6].
, .
, [4].
, .
. [4].
โ . , , [7].
- , , , -, [4].
, -3 , , [7].
, [26]. 2011 [8]. , . , , [9].
:
, . 3 , 45 , .
, :
- , , , , โ .
- , , , , , , โ .
- โ .
- :
โ , , . , (), . , [10].
, , :
โ , 2 . , . , , . โ , , B12. . [11].
[1] H.E. Lebovitz, Hyperglycemia Secondary to Nondiabetic Conditions and Therapies, Seventh Edition, Elsevier Inc., 2015. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-18907-1.00042-1.
[2] R. Maughan, Carbohydrate metabolism, Surgery. 27 (2009) 6โ10. doi:10.1016/j.mpsur.2008.12.002.
[3] M. Dashty, A quick look at biochemistry: Carbohydrate metabolism, Clin. Biochem. 46 (2013) 1339โ1352. doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2013.04.027.
[4] T.H.T. Chiu, W.H. Pan, M.N. Lin, C.L. Lin, Vegetarian diet, change in dietary patterns, and diabetes risk: A prospective study, Nutr. Diabetes. 8 (2018). doi:10.1038/s41387-018-0022-4.
[5] M. Pathak, Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 and Functional Foods of Plant Origin, Recent Pat. Biotechnol. 8 (2014) 160โ164. doi:10.2174/1872208309666140904120633.
[6] M. McMacken, S. Shah, A plant-based diet for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes, J. Geriatr. Cardiol. 14 (2017) 342โ354. doi:10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2017.05.009.
[7] C.T. McEvoy, N. Temple, J. V. Woodside, Vegetarian diets, low-meat diets and health: A review, Public Health Nutr. 15 (2012) 2287โ2294. doi:10.1017/S1368980012000936.
[8] M. Chen, Q. Sun, E. Giovannucci, D. Mozaffarian, J.A.E. Manson, W.C. Willett, F.B. Hu, Dairy consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: 3 cohorts of US adults and an updated meta-analysis, BMC Med. 12 (2014) 1088โ1096. doi:10.1186/s12916-014-0215-1.
[9] A. Vang, P.N. Singh, J.W. Lee, E.H. Haddad, C.H. Brinegar, Meats, processed meats, obesity, weight gain and occurrence of diabetes among adults: Findings from adventist health studies, Ann. Nutr. Metab. 52 (2008) 96โ104. doi:10.1159/000121365.
[10] D.E. Mahoney, J.B. Hiebert, A. Thimmesch, J.T. Pierce, J.L. Vacek, R.L. Clancy, A.J. Sauer, J.D. Pierce, Advances in Bioscience and Clinical Medicine Review Paper Understanding D-Ribose and Mitochondrial Function, (2018) 1โ5.
[11] N. Barzilai, J.P. Crandall, S.B. Kritchevsky, M.A. Espeland, Metformin as a Tool to Target Aging, Cell Metab. 23 (2016) 1060โ1065. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2016.05.011.
Lifext !
? ! :
โ + .
, Google. Lifext, .
, , ;)


Lifext . , , . .