REST API Authentication dengan Spring Security dan MongoDB

pengantar

Mengapa API kami memerlukan otentikasi?

Bagaimana itu bekerja

Authentication: Basic YWRtaW46cEA1NXcwUmQ=

Bagaimana Spring Mengelola Keamanan

Apa yang kita butuhkan

• Koleksi baru dalam instance MongoDB kami yang disebut "pengguna"
• Dokumen baru dalam koleksi pengguna dengan bidang-bidang berikut (setiap bidang lain opsional, tetapi ini diperlukan): nama pengguna, kata sandi (hash menggunakan algoritma BCrypt, lebih lanjut tentang itu nanti)
• Sumber dari pos sebelumnya

BCrypt untuk hashing kata sandi

Mengapa kita harus kata sandi hash?

Menambahkan pengguna ke MongoDB

db.users.insert({
  “username” : “admin”,
  “password” : “$2a$10$AjHGc4x3Nez/p4ZpvFDWeO6FGxee/cVqj5KHHnHfuLnIOzC5ag4fm”
});

Menambahkan model pengguna dan repositori

Model

package com.example.gtommee.rest_tutorial.models;

import org.bson.types.ObjectId;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;

public class Users {
  @Id
  public ObjectId _id;

  public String username;
  public String password;

  public Users() {}

  public Users(ObjectId _id, String username, String password) 
{
    this._id = _id;
    this.username = username;
    this.password = password;
  }

  public void set_id(ObjectId _id) { this._id = _id; }

  public String get_id() { return this._id.toHexString(); }

  public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; }

  public String getPassword() { return password; }

  public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; }

  public String getUsername() { return username; }
}

Gudang

package com.example.gtommee.rest_tutorial.repositories;

import com.example.gtommee.rest_tutorial.models.Users;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.MongoRepository;

public interface UsersRepository extends MongoRepository<Users, String> {
  Users findByUsername(String username);
}

Menambahkan Ketergantungan Keamanan

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>

Buat Layanan Otentikasi

MongoUserDetailsService.java

package com.example.gtommee.rest_tutorial.services;

import com.example.gtommee.rest_tutorial.models.Users;
import com.example.gtommee.rest_tutorial.repositories.UsersRepository;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

@Component
public class MongoUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService{
  @Autowired
  private UsersRepository repository;

  @Override
  public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
    Users user = repository.findByUsername(username);

    if(user == null) {
      throw new UsernameNotFoundException(“User not found”);
    }

    List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> authorities = Arrays.asList(new SimpleGrantedAuthority(“user”));

    return new User(user.getUsername(), user.getPassword(), authorities);
  }
}

Buat Konfigurasi Keamanan

SecurityConfiguration.java

package com.example.gtommee.rest_tutorial.config;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;

@Configuration
@EnableConfigurationProperties
public class SecurityConfiguration extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
 @Autowired
 MongoUserDetailsService userDetailsService;
}

Langkah otentikasi

@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
 http
   .csrf().disable()
   .authorizeRequests().anyRequest().authenticated()
   .and().httpBasic()
   .and().sessionManagement().disable();
}

• csrf().disable(): Menonaktifkan Perlindungan CSRF karena tidak diperlukan untuk API
• authorizeRequests().anyRequest().authenticated(): Menyatakan bahwa semua permintaan ke titik akhir apa pun harus disahkan, jika tidak mereka harus ditolak.
• and().httpBasic(): Springsehingga mengharapkan otentikasi HTTP dasar (dibahas di atas).
• .and().sessionManagement().disable(): memberitahu Spring untuk tidak menyimpan informasi sesi untuk pengguna, karena ini tidak diperlukan untuk API

Menambahkan Bcrypt Encoder

@Bean
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
   return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}

Tentukan Manajer Otentikasi

@Override
public void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder builder) 
throws Exception {
  builder.userDetailsService(userDetailsService);
}

File Final SecurityConfiguration.java

import com.example.gtommee.rest_tutorial.services.MongoUserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;

@Configuration
@EnableConfigurationProperties
public class SecurityConfiguration extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
 @Autowired
 MongoUserDetailsService userDetailsService;

 @Override
 protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
   http
     .csrf().disable()
     .authorizeRequests().anyRequest().authenticated()
     .and().httpBasic()
     .and().sessionManagement().disable();
 }

 @Bean
 public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
   return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
 }

 @Override
 public void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder builder) 
throws Exception {
   builder.userDetailsService(userDetailsService);
 }
}

Pemeriksaan otentikasi

401 Unauthorized

[
 {
   “_id”: “5aeccb0a18365ba07414356c”,
   “name”: “Spot”,
   “species”: “dog”,
   “breed”: “pitbull”
 },
 {
   “_id”: “5aeccb0a18365ba07414356d”,
   “name”: “Daisy”,
   “species”: “cat”,
   “breed”: “calico”
 },
 {
   “_id”: “5aeccb0a18365ba07414356e”,
   “name”: “Bella”,
   “species”: “dog”,
   “breed”: “australian shepard”
 }
]

Kesimpulan