Création de liaisons Python pour les bibliothèques C / C ++ à l'aide de SIP. Partie 2

Créer une liaison pour une bibliothèque en C ++

#ifndef FOO_LIB
#define FOO_LIB

class Foo {
    private:
        int _int_val;
        char* _string_val;
    public:
        Foo(int int_val, const char* string_val);
        virtual ~Foo();

        void set_int_val(int val);
        int get_int_val();

        void set_string_val(const char* val);
        char* get_string_val();
};

#endif

#include <string.h>

#include "foo.h"

Foo::Foo(int int_val, const char* string_val): _int_val(int_val) {
    _string_val = nullptr;
    set_string_val(string_val);
}

Foo::~Foo(){
    delete[] _string_val;
    _string_val = nullptr;
}

void Foo::set_int_val(int val) {
    _int_val = val;
}

int Foo::get_int_val() {
    return _int_val;
}

void Foo::set_string_val(const char* val) {
    if (_string_val != nullptr) {
        delete[] _string_val;
    }

    auto count = strlen(val) + 1;
    _string_val = new char[count];
    strcpy(_string_val, val);
}

char* Foo::get_string_val() {
    return _string_val;
}

#include <iostream>

#include "foo.h"

using std::cout;
using std::endl;

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
    auto foo = Foo(10, "Hello");
    cout << "int_val: " << foo.get_int_val() << endl;
    cout << "string_val: " << foo.get_string_val() << endl;

    foo.set_int_val(0);
    foo.set_string_val("Hello world!");

    cout << "int_val: " << foo.get_int_val() << endl;
    cout << "string_val: " << foo.get_string_val() << endl;
}

CC=g++
CFLAGS=-c -fPIC
DIR_OUT=bin

all: main

main: main.o libfoo.a
    $(CC) $(DIR_OUT)/main.o -L$(DIR_OUT) -lfoo -o $(DIR_OUT)/main

main.o: makedir main.cpp
    $(CC) $(CFLAGS) main.cpp -o $(DIR_OUT)/main.o

libfoo.a: makedir foo.cpp
    $(CC) $(CFLAGS) foo.cpp -o $(DIR_OUT)/foo.o
    ar rcs $(DIR_OUT)/libfoo.a $(DIR_OUT)/foo.o

makedir:
    mkdir -p $(DIR_OUT)

clean:
    rm -rf $(DIR_OUT)/*

[build-system]
requires = ["sip >=5, <6"]
build-backend = "sipbuild.api"

[tool.sip.metadata]
name = "pyfoocpp"
version = "0.1"
license = "MIT"

[tool.sip.bindings.pyfoocpp]
headers = ["foo.h"]
libraries = ["foo"]

import os
import subprocess

from sipbuild import Project

class FooProject(Project):
    def _build_foo(self):
        cwd = os.path.abspath('foo')
        subprocess.run(['make'], cwd=cwd, capture_output=True, check=True)

    def build(self):
        self._build_foo()
        super().build()

    def build_sdist(self, sdist_directory):
        self._build_foo()
        return super().build_sdist(sdist_directory)

    def build_wheel(self, wheel_directory):
        self._build_foo()
        return super().build_wheel(wheel_directory)

    def install(self):
        self._build_foo()
        super().install()

%Module(name=foocpp, language="C++")
%DefaultEncoding "UTF-8"

class Foo {
    %TypeHeaderCode
    #include <foo.h>
    %End

    public:
        Foo(int, const char*);

        void set_int_val(int);
        int get_int_val();

        void set_string_val(const char*);
        char* get_string_val();
};

construire
└── foocpp
    ├── apiversions.c
    ├── array.c
    ├── array.h
    ├── bool.cpp
    ├── build
    │   └── temp.linux-x86_64-3.8
    │       ├── apiversions.o
    │       ├── array.o
    │       ├── bool.o
    │       ├── descriptors.o
    │       ├── int_convertors.o
    │       ├── objmap.o
    │       ├── qtlib.o
    │       ├── sipfoocppcmodule.o
    │       ├── sipfoocppFoo.o
    │       ├── siplib.o
    │       ├── threads.o
    │       └── voidptr.o
    ├── descriptors.c
    ├── foocpp.cpython-38-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
    ├── int_convertors.c
    ├── objmap.c
    ├── qtlib.c
    ├── sipAPIfoocpp.h
    ├── sipfoocppcmodule.cpp
    ├── sipfoocppFoo.cpp
    ├── sip.h
    ├── sipint.h
    ├── siplib.c
    ├── threads.c
    └── voidptr.c

/*
 * Interface wrapper code.
 *
 * Generated by SIP 5.1.1
 */

#include "sipAPIfoocpp.h"

#line 6 "/home/jenyay/temp/2/pyfoocpp.sip"
    #include <foo.h>
#line 12 "/home/jenyay/temp/2/build/foocpp/sipfoocppFoo.cpp"

PyDoc_STRVAR(doc_Foo_set_int_val, "set_int_val(self, int)");

extern "C" {static PyObject *meth_Foo_set_int_val(PyObject *, PyObject *);}
static PyObject *meth_Foo_set_int_val(PyObject *sipSelf, PyObject *sipArgs)
{
    PyObject *sipParseErr = SIP_NULLPTR;

    {
        int a0;
         ::Foo *sipCpp;

        if (sipParseArgs(&sipParseErr, sipArgs, "Bi", &sipSelf, sipType_Foo, &sipCpp, &a0))
        {
            sipCpp->set_int_val(a0);

            Py_INCREF(Py_None);
            return Py_None;
        }
    }

    /* Raise an exception if the arguments couldn't be parsed. */
    sipNoMethod(sipParseErr, sipName_Foo, sipName_set_int_val, doc_Foo_set_int_val);

    return SIP_NULLPTR;
}

PyDoc_STRVAR(doc_Foo_get_int_val, "get_int_val(self) -> int");

extern "C" {static PyObject *meth_Foo_get_int_val(PyObject *, PyObject *);}
static PyObject *meth_Foo_get_int_val(PyObject *sipSelf, PyObject *sipArgs)
{
    PyObject *sipParseErr = SIP_NULLPTR;

    {
         ::Foo *sipCpp;

        if (sipParseArgs(&sipParseErr, sipArgs, "B", &sipSelf, sipType_Foo, &sipCpp))
        {
            int sipRes;

            sipRes = sipCpp->get_int_val();

            return PyLong_FromLong(sipRes);
        }
    }

    /* Raise an exception if the arguments couldn't be parsed. */
    sipNoMethod(sipParseErr, sipName_Foo, sipName_get_int_val, doc_Foo_get_int_val);

    return SIP_NULLPTR;
}

PyDoc_STRVAR(doc_Foo_set_string_val, "set_string_val(self, str)");

extern "C" {static PyObject *meth_Foo_set_string_val(PyObject *, PyObject *);}
static PyObject *meth_Foo_set_string_val(PyObject *sipSelf, PyObject *sipArgs)
{
    PyObject *sipParseErr = SIP_NULLPTR;

    {
        const char* a0;
        PyObject *a0Keep;
         ::Foo *sipCpp;

        if (sipParseArgs(&sipParseErr, sipArgs, "BA8", &sipSelf, sipType_Foo, &sipCpp, &a0Keep, &a0))
        {
            sipCpp->set_string_val(a0);
            Py_DECREF(a0Keep);

            Py_INCREF(Py_None);
            return Py_None;
        }
    }

    /* Raise an exception if the arguments couldn't be parsed. */
    sipNoMethod(sipParseErr, sipName_Foo, sipName_set_string_val, doc_Foo_set_string_val);

    return SIP_NULLPTR;
}

PyDoc_STRVAR(doc_Foo_get_string_val, "get_string_val(self) -> str");

extern "C" {static PyObject *meth_Foo_get_string_val(PyObject *, PyObject *);}
static PyObject *meth_Foo_get_string_val(PyObject *sipSelf, PyObject *sipArgs)
{
    PyObject *sipParseErr = SIP_NULLPTR;

    {
         ::Foo *sipCpp;

        if (sipParseArgs(&sipParseErr, sipArgs, "B", &sipSelf, sipType_Foo, &sipCpp))
        {
            char*sipRes;

            sipRes = sipCpp->get_string_val();

            if (sipRes == SIP_NULLPTR)
            {
                Py_INCREF(Py_None);
                return Py_None;
            }

            return PyUnicode_FromString(sipRes);
        }
    }

    /* Raise an exception if the arguments couldn't be parsed. */
    sipNoMethod(sipParseErr, sipName_Foo, sipName_get_string_val, doc_Foo_get_string_val);

    return SIP_NULLPTR;
}

/* Call the instance's destructor. */
extern "C" {static void release_Foo(void *, int);}
static void release_Foo(void *sipCppV, int)
{
    delete reinterpret_cast< ::Foo *>(sipCppV);
}

extern "C" {static void dealloc_Foo(sipSimpleWrapper *);}
static void dealloc_Foo(sipSimpleWrapper *sipSelf)
{
    if (sipIsOwnedByPython(sipSelf))
    {
        release_Foo(sipGetAddress(sipSelf), 0);
    }
}

extern "C" {static void *init_type_Foo(sipSimpleWrapper *, PyObject *, 
                 PyObject *, PyObject **, PyObject **, PyObject **);}
static void *init_type_Foo(sipSimpleWrapper *, PyObject *sipArgs, PyObject *sipKwds,
                                   PyObject **sipUnused, PyObject **, PyObject **sipParseErr)
{
     ::Foo *sipCpp = SIP_NULLPTR;

    {
        int a0;
        const char* a1;
        PyObject *a1Keep;

        if (sipParseKwdArgs(sipParseErr, sipArgs, sipKwds, SIP_NULLPTR, sipUnused, "iA8", &a0, &a1Keep, &a1))
        {
            sipCpp = new  ::Foo(a0,a1);
            Py_DECREF(a1Keep);

            return sipCpp;
        }
    }

    {
        const  ::Foo* a0;

        if (sipParseKwdArgs(sipParseErr, sipArgs, sipKwds, SIP_NULLPTR, sipUnused, "J9", sipType_Foo, &a0))
        {
            sipCpp = new  ::Foo(*a0);

            return sipCpp;
        }
    }

    return SIP_NULLPTR;
}

static PyMethodDef methods_Foo[] = {
    {sipName_get_int_val, meth_Foo_get_int_val, METH_VARARGS, doc_Foo_get_int_val},
    {sipName_get_string_val, meth_Foo_get_string_val, METH_VARARGS, doc_Foo_get_string_val},
    {sipName_set_int_val, meth_Foo_set_int_val, METH_VARARGS, doc_Foo_set_int_val},
    {sipName_set_string_val, meth_Foo_set_string_val, METH_VARARGS, doc_Foo_set_string_val}
};

PyDoc_STRVAR(doc_Foo, "\1Foo(int, str)\n"
"Foo(Foo)");

sipClassTypeDef sipTypeDef_foocpp_Foo = {
    {
        -1,
        SIP_NULLPTR,
        SIP_NULLPTR,
        SIP_TYPE_CLASS,
        sipNameNr_Foo,
        SIP_NULLPTR,
        SIP_NULLPTR
    },
    {
        sipNameNr_Foo,
        {0, 0, 1},
        4, methods_Foo,
        0, SIP_NULLPTR,
        0, SIP_NULLPTR,
        {SIP_NULLPTR, SIP_NULLPTR, SIP_NULLPTR, SIP_NULLPTR, SIP_NULLPTR,
         SIP_NULLPTR, SIP_NULLPTR, SIP_NULLPTR, SIP_NULLPTR, SIP_NULLPTR},
    },
    doc_Foo,
    -1,
    -1,
    SIP_NULLPTR,
    SIP_NULLPTR,
    init_type_Foo,
    SIP_NULLPTR,
    SIP_NULLPTR,
    SIP_NULLPTR,
    SIP_NULLPTR,
    dealloc_Foo,
    SIP_NULLPTR,
    SIP_NULLPTR,
    SIP_NULLPTR,
    release_Foo,
    SIP_NULLPTR,
    SIP_NULLPTR,
    SIP_NULLPTR,
    SIP_NULLPTR,
    SIP_NULLPTR,
    SIP_NULLPTR,
    SIP_NULLPTR
};

>>> from foocpp import Foo
>>> x = Foo(10, 'Hello')

>>> x.get_int_val()
10

>>> x.get_string_val()
'Hello'

>>> x.set_int_val(50)
>>> x.set_string_val('')

>>> x.get_int_val()
50

>>> x.get_string_val()
''

Ajouter des propriétés

%Module(name=foocpp, language="C++")
%DefaultEncoding "UTF-8"

class Foo {
    %TypeHeaderCode
    #include <foo.h>
    %End

    public:
        Foo(int, const char*);

        void set_int_val(int);
        int get_int_val();
        %Property(name=int_val, get=get_int_val, set=set_int_val)

        void set_string_val(const char*);
        char* get_string_val();
        %Property(name=string_val, get=get_string_val, set=set_string_val)
};

>>> from foocpp import Foo
>>> x = Foo(10, "Hello")
>>> x.int_val
10

>>> x.string_val
'Hello'

>>> x.int_val = 50
>>> x.string_val = ''

>>> x.get_int_val()
50

>>> x.get_string_val()
''

Ajouter des lignes de documentation

%Module(name=foocpp, language="C++")
%DefaultEncoding "UTF-8"

class Foo {
%Docstring
Class example from C++ library
%End

    %TypeHeaderCode
    #include <foo.h>
    %End

    public:
        Foo(int, const char*);

        void set_int_val(int);
        %Docstring(format="deindented", signature="prepended")
            Set integer value
        %End

        int get_int_val();
        %Docstring(format="deindented", signature="prepended")
            Return integer value
        %End

        %Property(name=int_val, get=get_int_val, set=set_int_val)
        {
            %Docstring "deindented"
                The property for integer value
            %End
        };

        void set_string_val(const char*);
        %Docstring(format="deindented", signature="appended")
            Set string value
        %End

        char* get_string_val();
        %Docstring(format="deindented", signature="appended")
            Return string value
        %End

        %Property(name=string_val, get=get_string_val, set=set_string_val)
        {
            %Docstring "deindented"
                The property for string value
            %End
        };
};

>>> from foocpp import Foo
>>> Foo.__doc__
'Class example from C++ library'

>>> Foo.get_int_val.__doc__
'get_int_val(self) -> int\nReturn integer value'

>>> Foo.set_int_val.__doc__
'set_int_val(self, int)\nSet integer value'

>>> Foo.get_string_val.__doc__
'Return string value\nget_string_val(self) -> str'

>>> Foo.set_string_val.__doc__
'Set string value\nset_string_val(self, str)'

>>> Foo.int_val.__doc__
'The property for integer value'

>>> Foo.string_val.__doc__
'The property for string value'

>>> help(Foo)
Help on class Foo in module foocpp:

class Foo(sip.wrapper)
 |  Class example from C++ library
 |  
 |  Method resolution order:
 |      Foo
 |      sip.wrapper
 |      sip.simplewrapper
 |      builtins.object
 |  
 |  Methods defined here:
 |  
 |  get_int_val(...)
 |      get_int_val(self) -> int
 |      Return integer value
 |  
 |  get_string_val(...)
 |      Return string value
 |      get_string_val(self) -> str
 |  
 |  set_int_val(...)
 |      set_int_val(self, int)
 |      Set integer value
 |  
 |  set_string_val(...)
 |      Set string value
 |      set_string_val(self, str)
...

%Module(name=foocpp, language="C++")
%DefaultEncoding "UTF-8"
%DefaultDocstringFormat "deindented"
%DefaultDocstringSignature "prepended"

class Foo {
    %Docstring
    Class example from C++ library
    %End

    %TypeHeaderCode
    #include <foo.h>
    %End

    public:
        Foo(int, const char*);

        void set_int_val(int);
        %Docstring
            Set integer value
        %End

        int get_int_val();
        %Docstring
            Return integer value
        %End

        %Property(name=int_val, get=get_int_val, set=set_int_val)
        {
            %Docstring
                The property for integer value
            %End
        };

        void set_string_val(const char*);
        %Docstring
            Set string value
        %End

        char* get_string_val();
        %Docstring
            Return string value
        %End

        %Property(name=string_val, get=get_string_val, set=set_string_val)
        {
            %Docstring
                The property for string value
            %End
        };
};

>>> from foocpp import Foo
>>> help(Foo)

class Foo(sip.wrapper)
 |  Class example from C++ library
 |  
 |  Method resolution order:
 |      Foo
 |      sip.wrapper
 |      sip.simplewrapper
 |      builtins.object
 |  
 |  Methods defined here:
 |  
 |  get_int_val(...)
 |      get_int_val(self) -> int
 |      Return integer value
 |  
 |  get_string_val(...)
 |      get_string_val(self) -> str
 |      Return string value
 |  
 |  set_int_val(...)
 |      set_int_val(self, int)
 |      Set integer value
 |  
 |  set_string_val(...)
 |      set_string_val(self, str)
 |      Set string value
...

Renommer des classes et des méthodes

%Module(name=foocpp, language="C++")
%DefaultEncoding "UTF-8"
%DefaultDocstringFormat "deindented"
%DefaultDocstringSignature "prepended"

class Foo /PyName=Bar/ {
    %Docstring
    Class example from C++ library
    %End

    %TypeHeaderCode
    #include <foo.h>
    %End

    public:
        Foo(int, const char*);

        void set_int_val(int) /PyName=set_integer_value/;
        %Docstring
            Set integer value
        %End

        int get_int_val() /PyName=get_integer_value/;
        %Docstring
            Return integer value
        %End

        %Property(name=int_val, get=get_integer_value, set=set_integer_value)
        {
            %Docstring
                The property for integer value
            %End
        };

        void set_string_val(const char*) /PyName=set_string_value/;
        %Docstring
            Set string value
        %End

        char* get_string_val() /PyName=get_string_value/;
        %Docstring
            Return string value
        %End

        %Property(name=string_val, get=get_string_value, set=set_string_value)
        {
            %Docstring
                The property for string value
            %End
        };
};

>>> from foocpp import Bar
>>> help(Bar)

Help on class Bar in module foocpp:

class Bar(sip.wrapper)
 |  Class example from C++ library
 |  
 |  Method resolution order:
 |      Bar
 |      sip.wrapper
 |      sip.simplewrapper
 |      builtins.object
 |  
 |  Methods defined here:
 |  
 |  get_integer_value(...)
 |      get_integer_value(self) -> int
 |      Return integer value
 |  
 |  get_string_value(...)
 |      get_string_value(self) -> str
 |      Return string value
 |  
 |  set_integer_value(...)
 |      set_integer_value(self, int)
 |      Set integer value
 |  
 |  set_string_value(...)
 |      set_string_value(self, str)
 |      Set string value
 |  
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data descriptors defined here:
 |  
 |  __weakref__
 |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
 |  
 |  int_val
 |      The property for integer value
 |  
 |  string_val
 |      The property for string value
 |  
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
...

%Module PyQt5.QtCore
{
    %AutoPyName(remove_leading="Q")
}

Ajouter une conversion de type

Exemple d'utilisation de la classe std :: wstring

#ifndef FOO_LIB
#define FOO_LIB

#include <string>

using std::wstring;

class Foo {
    private:
        int _int_val;
        wstring _string_val;
    public:
        Foo(int int_val, wstring string_val);

        void set_int_val(int val);
        int get_int_val();

        void set_string_val(wstring val);
        wstring get_string_val();
};

#endif

#include <string>

#include "foo.h"

using std::wstring;

Foo::Foo(int int_val, wstring string_val):
    _int_val(int_val), _string_val(string_val) {}

void Foo::set_int_val(int val) {
    _int_val = val;
}

int Foo::get_int_val() {
    return _int_val;
}

void Foo::set_string_val(wstring val) {
    _string_val = val;
}

wstring Foo::get_string_val() {
    return _string_val;
}

#include <iostream>

#include "foo.h"

using std::cout;
using std::endl;

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
    auto foo = Foo(10, L"Hello");
    cout << L"int_val: " << foo.get_int_val() << endl;
    cout << L"string_val: " << foo.get_string_val().c_str() << endl;

    foo.set_int_val(0);
    foo.set_string_val(L"Hello world!");

    cout << L"int_val: " << foo.get_int_val() << endl;
    cout << L"string_val: " << foo.get_string_val().c_str() << endl;
}

%Module(name=foocpp, language="C++")
%DefaultEncoding "UTF-8"

class Foo {
    %TypeHeaderCode
    #include <foo.h>
    %End

    public:
        Foo(int, std::wstring);

        void set_int_val(int);
        int get_int_val();
        %Property(name=int_val, get=get_int_val, set=set_int_val)

        void set_string_val(std::wstring);
        std::wstring get_string_val();
        %Property(name=string_val, get=get_string_val, set=set_string_val)
};

%MappedType std::wstring
{
%TypeHeaderCode
#include <string>
%End

%ConvertFromTypeCode
    // Convert an std::wstring to a Python (Unicode) string
    PyObject* newstring;
    newstring = PyUnicode_FromWideChar(sipCpp->data(), -1);
    return newstring;
%End

%ConvertToTypeCode
    // Convert a Python (Unicode) string to an std::wstring
    if (sipIsErr == NULL) {
        return PyUnicode_Check(sipPy);
    }
    if (PyUnicode_Check(sipPy)) {
        *sipCppPtr = new std::wstring(PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(sipPy));
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
%End
};

$ sip-wheel

These bindings will be built: pyfoocpp.
Generating the pyfoocpp bindings...
sip-wheel: std::wstring is undefined

% ConvertFromTypeCode. Conversion d'objets C ++ en Python

%ConvertFromTypeCode
    // Convert an std::wstring to a Python (Unicode) string
    PyObject* newstring;
    newstring = PyUnicode_FromWideChar(sipCpp->data(), -1);
    return newstring;
%End

% ConvertToTypeCode. Convertir des objets Python en C ++

%ConvertToTypeCode
    // Convert a Python (Unicode) string to an std::wstring
    if (sipIsErr == NULL) {
        return PyUnicode_Check(sipPy);
    }
    if (PyUnicode_Check(sipPy)) {
        *sipCppPtr = new std::wstring(PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(sipPy));
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
%End

Vérifier

>>> from foocpp import Foo
>>> x = Foo(10, 'Hello')

>>> x.string_val
'Hello'

>>> x.string_val = ''
>>> x.string_val
''

>>> x.get_string_val()
''

Conclusion

Références

• La première partie de l'article
• Exemples pour cet article
• Page d'accueil SIP
• Documentation pour SIP
• Documentation de l'API Python / C