👩‍❤️‍👨 💃🏻 😶 Apprentissage des variables CSS avec un exemple pratique 🤦🏼 🕠 🤐

Bonjour mes amis!

Une fois que la navigation sur le Web m'a conduit à ce merveilleux code .

La «grandeur» de celui-ci (c'est-à-dire le code) est l'utilisation pratique des variables en CSS, ce qui facilite grandement l'écriture des styles (l'utilisation de variables provoque également une structure CSS inhabituelle). Et, bien sûr, le sujet est très impressionnant - les planètes du système solaire.

Le projet original est écrit en Pug et Sass, mais nous l'analyserons en HTML / CSS.

Alors allons-y.

La disposition d'une planète (dans ce cas, Mercure) est la suivante (j'apporte ma propre version légère):

<div class="card mercury">
    <div class="planet">
        <div class="atmosphere">
            <div class="surface"></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="info">
        <h2 class="title">mercury</h2>
        <div class="form">
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Tilt</label><span class="line"></span><i class=" icon fas fa-long-arrow-alt-right"></i><span class="detail">0.034° </span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Day</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">1,407 hours</span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Year</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">88 days</span>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

Nous voyons ce qui suit:

Un emballage pour la planète et des informations à ce sujet - .card
Lier un wrapper à une planète particulière - .mercury
Conteneur pour la planète - .planet
A l'intérieur qui est le contenant de l'atmosphère - .atmosphere
À l'intérieur de laquelle se trouve la surface de la planète - .surface
Conteneur d'informations sur la planète - .info
Le nom de la planète correspondante est .title
Conteneur d'informations supplémentaires - .form
Conteneur d'unité d'information - .item
Au total, nous avons trois unités d'information:
1. Le premier contient des informations sur l'inclinaison de l'axe de la planète et l'image de la flèche
2. Dans le second - informations sur la durée de la journée en heures
3. Dans le troisième - sur la longueur de l'année en jours

Oui, j'ai presque oublié - la police est connectée dans l'élément head:

<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Major+Mono+Display" rel="stylesheet">

... et Font Awesome (pour la flèche):

<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.12.1/js/all.min.js"></script>

Tout HTML:

<div class="card mercury">
    <div class="planet">
        <div class="atmosphere">
            <div class="surface"></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="info">
        <h2 class="title">mercury</h2>
        <div class="form">
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Tilt</label><span class="line"></span><i class=" icon fas fa-long-arrow-alt-right"></i><span class="detail">0.034° </span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Day</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">1,407 hours</span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Year</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">88 days</span>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
<div class="card venus">
    <div class="planet">
        <div class="atmosphere">
            <div class="surface"></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="info">
        <h2 class="title">venus</h2>
        <div class="form">
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Tilt</label><span class="line"></span><i class=" icon fas fa-long-arrow-alt-right"></i><span class="detail">177.3° </span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Day</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">5,832 hours</span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Year</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">224.7 days</span>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
<div class="card earth">
    <div class="planet">
        <div class="atmosphere">
            <div class="surface"></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="info">
        <h2 class="title">earth</h2>
        <div class="form">
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Tilt</label><span class="line"></span><i class=" icon fas fa-long-arrow-alt-right"></i><span class="detail">23.26° </span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Day</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">23.9 hours</span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Year</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">365.2 days</span>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
<div class="card mars">
    <div class="planet">
        <div class="atmosphere">
            <div class="surface"></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="info">
        <h2 class="title">mars</h2>
        <div class="form">
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Tilt</label><span class="line"></span><i class=" icon fas fa-long-arrow-alt-right"></i><span class="detail">25.2° </span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Day</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">24.6 hours</span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Year</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">687 days</span>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
<div class="card jupiter">
    <div class="planet">
        <div class="atmosphere">
            <div class="surface"></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="info">
        <h2 class="title">jupiter</h2>
        <div class="form">
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Tilt</label><span class="line"></span><i class=" icon fas fa-long-arrow-alt-right"></i><span class="detail">3.1° </span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Day</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">9.9 hours</span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Year</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">4,331 days</span>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
<div class="card saturn">
    <div class="planet">
        <div class="atmosphere">
            <div class="surface"></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="info">
        <h2 class="title">saturn</h2>
        <div class="form">
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Tilt</label><span class="line"></span><i class=" icon fas fa-long-arrow-alt-right"></i><span class="detail">26.7° </span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Day</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">10.7 hours</span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Year</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">10,747 days</span>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
<div class="card uranus">
    <div class="planet">
        <div class="atmosphere">
            <div class="surface"></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="info">
        <h2 class="title">uranus</h2>
        <div class="form">
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Tilt</label><span class="line"></span><i class=" icon fas fa-long-arrow-alt-right"></i><span class="detail">97.8° </span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Day</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">17.2 hours</span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Year</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">30,589 days</span>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
<div class="card neptune">
    <div class="planet">
        <div class="atmosphere">
            <div class="surface"></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="info">
        <h2 class="title">neptune</h2>
        <div class="form">
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Tilt</label><span class="line"></span><i class=" icon fas fa-long-arrow-alt-right"></i><span class="detail">28.3° </span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Day</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">16.1 hours</span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Year</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">59,800 days</span>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
<div class="card pluto">
    <div class="planet">
        <div class="atmosphere">
            <div class="surface"></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="info">
        <h2 class="title">pluto</h2>
        <div class="form">
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Tilt</label><span class="line"></span><i class=" icon fas fa-long-arrow-alt-right"></i><span class="detail">122.5° </span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Day</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">153.3 hours</span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Year</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">90,560 days</span>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
<div class="card sun">
    <div class="planet">
        <div class="atmosphere">
            <div class="surface"></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="info">
        <h2 class="title">sun</h2>
        <div class="form">
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Tilt</label><span class="line"></span><i class=" icon fas fa-long-arrow-alt-right"></i><span class="detail">0° </span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Day</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">~600 hours</span>
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <label class="label">Year</label><span class="line"></span><span class="detail">0 days</span>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

Passons au CSS.

La syntaxe suivante est utilisée pour déclarer des variables en CSS:

:root {
  ---: ;
}

En savoir plus sur la pseudo-classe: root ici .

Les variables pour la planète sont déclarées comme suit:

:root {
    --mercury-image: url(https://thebestcode.ru/media/solarSystem/mercury.jpg);
    --mercury-tilt: rotate(0.034deg);
    --mercury-day: 1407.6;
    --mercury-color: #999;
}

Comme vous pouvez le voir, des variables sont déclarées pour l'image, l'angle d'inclinaison, la durée de la journée et la couleur de la planète, respectivement.

Pour faire tourner les planètes, l'animation suivante est utilisée:

@keyframes planetRotate {
    0% {
        background-position: 0% center;
    }

    100% {
        background-position: -200% center;
    }
}

Les variables utilisées en CSS sont:

var(---);

Voici comment les variables sont utilisées pour créer des styles de planète:

.mercury .atmosphere {
    box-shadow: inset 10px 0px 12px -2px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), inset -70px 0px 50px 0px black, -5px 0px 10px -4px var(--mercury-color);
}

.mercury .surface {
    background-image: var(--mercury-image);
    transform: var(--mercury-tilt) scale(1.2);
    animation: planetRotate calc(var(--mercury-day)*.1s) linear infinite;
}

.mercury .planet::before {
    transform: var(--mercury-tilt) scale(1.2);
    border-color: var(--mercury-color);
    color: var(--mercury-color);
}

.mercury .icon {
    transform: var(--mercury-tilt);
    color: var(--mercury-color);
}

Remarquez comment la variable de longueur du jour (--mercure-day) est utilisée pour déterminer la durée de l'animation (vitesse de rotation de la planète).

Tous les CSS:

:root {
    --mercury-image: url(https://thebestcode.ru/media/solarSystem/mercury.jpg);
    --mercury-tilt: rotate(0.034deg);
    --mercury-day: 1407.6;
    --mercury-color: #999;
    --venus-image: url(https://thebestcode.ru/media/solarSystem/venus.jpg);
    --venus-tilt: rotate(177.3deg);
    --venus-day: 5832.5;
    --venus-color: #e8cda2;
    --earth-image: url(https://thebestcode.ru/media/solarSystem/earth.jpg);
    --earth-tilt: rotate(23.26deg);
    --earth-day: 23.9;
    --earth-color: #b3caff;
    --mars-image: url(https://thebestcode.ru/media/solarSystem/mars.jpg);
    --mars-tilt: rotate(25.2deg);
    --mars-day: 24.6;
    --mars-color: #c07158;
    --jupiter-image: url(https://thebestcode.ru/media/solarSystem/jupiter.jpg);
    --jupiter-tilt: rotate(3.1deg);
    --jupiter-day: 9.9;
    --jupiter-color: #c9b5a4;
    --saturn-image: url(https://thebestcode.ru/media/solarSystem/saturn.jpg);
    --saturn-tilt: rotate(26.7deg);
    --saturn-day: 10.7;
    --saturn-color: #f0e2c4;
    --uranus-image: url(https://thebestcode.ru/media/solarSystem/uranus.jpg);
    --uranus-tilt: rotate(97.8deg);
    --uranus-day: 17.2;
    --uranus-color: #b8d8e1;
    --neptune-image: url(https://thebestcode.ru/media/solarSystem/neptune.jpg);
    --neptune-tilt: rotate(28.3deg);
    --neptune-day: 16.1;
    --neptune-color: #5e73bb;
    --pluto-image: url(https://thebestcode.ru/media/solarSystem/pluto.jpg);
    --pluto-tilt: rotate(122.5deg);
    --pluto-day: 153.3;
    --pluto-color: #c3b6aa;
    --sun-image: url(https://thebestcode.ru/media/solarSystem/sun.jpg);
    --sun-tilt: rotate(0deg);
    --sun-day: 600;
    --sun-color: #cc9f4c;
}

@keyframes planetRotate {
    0% {
        background-position: 0% center;
    }

    100% {
        background-position: -200% center;
    }
}

body {
    background: #000;
    color: #fff;
    height: 100%;
    width: 100vw;
    margin: 10px 0 40px 0;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, 190px);
    grid-template-rows: repeat(auto-fill, 400px);
    grid-gap: 40px;
    align-items: center;
    justify-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    overflow-x: hidden;
    font-family: "Major Mono Display";
    text-transform: lowercase;
}

.card {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    position: relative;
}

.mercury .atmosphere {
    box-shadow: inset 10px 0px 12px -2px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), inset -70px 0px 50px 0px black, -5px 0px 10px -4px var(--mercury-color);
}

.mercury .surface {
    background-image: var(--mercury-image);
    transform: var(--mercury-tilt) scale(1.2);
    animation: planetRotate calc(var(--mercury-day)*.1s) linear infinite;
}

.mercury .planet::before {
    transform: var(--mercury-tilt) scale(1.2);
    border-color: var(--mercury-color);
    color: var(--mercury-color);
}

.mercury .icon {
    transform: var(--mercury-tilt);
    color: var(--mercury-color);
}

.venus .atmosphere {
    box-shadow: inset 10px 0px 12px -2px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), inset -70px 0px 50px 0px black, -5px 0px 10px -4px var(--venus-color);
}

.venus .surface {
    background-image: var(--venus-image);
    transform: var(--venus-tilt) scale(1.2);
    animation: planetRotate calc(var(--venus-day)*.1s) linear infinite;
}

.venus .planet::before {
    transform: var(--venus-tilt) scale(1.2);
    border-color: var(--venus-color);
    color: var(--venus-color);
}

.venus .icon {
    transform: var(--venus-tilt);
    color: var(--venus-color);
}

.earth .atmosphere {
    box-shadow: inset 10px 0px 12px -2px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), inset -70px 0px 50px 0px black, -5px 0px 10px -4px var(--earth-color);
}

.earth .surface {
    background-image: var(--earth-image);
    transform: var(--earth-tilt) scale(1.2);
    animation: planetRotate calc(var(--earth-day)*.1s) linear infinite;
}

.earth .planet::before {
    transform: var(--earth-tilt) scale(1.2);
    border-color: var(--earth-color);
    color: var(--earth-color);
}

.earth .icon {
    transform: var(--earth-tilt);
    color: var(--earth-color);
}

.mars .atmosphere {
    box-shadow: inset 10px 0px 12px -2px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), inset -70px 0px 50px 0px black, -5px 0px 10px -4px var(--mars-color);
}

.mars .surface {
    background-image: var(--mars-image);
    transform: var(--mars-tilt) scale(1.2);
    animation: planetRotate calc(var(--mars-day)*.1s) linear infinite;
}

.mars .planet::before {
    transform: var(--mars-tilt) scale(1.2);
    border-color: var(--mars-color);
    color: var(--mars-color);
}

.mars .icon {
    transform: var(--mars-tilt);
    color: var(--mars-color);
}

.jupiter .atmosphere {
    box-shadow: inset 10px 0px 12px -2px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), inset -70px 0px 50px 0px black, -5px 0px 10px -4px var(--jupiter-color);
}

.jupiter .surface {
    background-image: var(--jupiter-image);
    transform: var(--jupiter-tilt) scale(1.2);
    animation: planetRotate calc(var(--jupiter-day)*.1s) linear infinite;
}

.jupiter .planet::before {
    transform: var(--jupiter-tilt) scale(1.2);
    border-color: var(--jupiter-color);
    color: var(--jupiter-color);
}

.jupiter .icon {
    transform: var(--jupiter-tilt);
    color: var(--jupiter-color);
}

.saturn .atmosphere {
    box-shadow: inset 10px 0px 12px -2px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), inset -70px 0px 50px 0px black, -5px 0px 10px -4px var(--saturn-color);
}

.saturn .surface {
    background-image: var(--saturn-image);
    transform: var(--saturn-tilt) scale(1.2);
    animation: planetRotate calc(var(--saturn-day)*.1s) linear infinite;
}

.saturn .planet::before {
    transform: var(--saturn-tilt) scale(1.2);
    border-color: var(--saturn-color);
    color: var(--saturn-color);
}

.saturn .icon {
    transform: var(--saturn-tilt);
    color: var(--saturn-color);
}

.uranus .atmosphere {
    box-shadow: inset 10px 0px 12px -2px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), inset -70px 0px 50px 0px black, -5px 0px 10px -4px var(--uranus-color);
}

.uranus .surface {
    background-image: var(--uranus-image);
    transform: var(--uranus-tilt) scale(1.2);
    animation: planetRotate calc(var(--uranus-day)*.1s) linear infinite;
}

.uranus .planet::before {
    transform: var(--uranus-tilt) scale(1.2);
    border-color: var(--uranus-color);
    color: var(--uranus-color);
}

.uranus .icon {
    transform: var(--uranus-tilt);
    color: var(--uranus-color);
}

.neptune .atmosphere {
    box-shadow: inset 10px 0px 12px -2px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), inset -70px 0px 50px 0px black, -5px 0px 10px -4px var(--neptune-color);
}

.neptune .surface {
    background-image: var(--neptune-image);
    transform: var(--neptune-tilt) scale(1.2);
    animation: planetRotate calc(var(--neptune-day)*.1s) linear infinite;
}

.neptune .planet::before {
    transform: var(--neptune-tilt) scale(1.2);
    border-color: var(--neptune-color);
    color: var(--neptune-color);
}

.neptune .icon {
    transform: var(--neptune-tilt);
    color: var(--neptune-color);
}

.pluto .atmosphere {
    box-shadow: inset 10px 0px 12px -2px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), inset -70px 0px 50px 0px black, -5px 0px 10px -4px var(--pluto-color);
}

.pluto .surface {
    background-image: var(--pluto-image);
    transform: var(--pluto-tilt) scale(1.2);
    animation: planetRotate calc(var(--pluto-day)*.1s) linear infinite;
}

.pluto .planet::before {
    transform: var(--pluto-tilt) scale(1.2);
    border-color: var(--pluto-color);
    color: var(--pluto-color);
}

.pluto .icon {
    transform: var(--pluto-tilt);
    color: var(--pluto-color);
}

.sun .atmosphere {
    box-shadow: inset 10px 0px 12px -2px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), inset -70px 0px 50px 0px black, -5px 0px 10px -4px var(--sun-color);
}

.sun .surface {
    background-image: var(--sun-image);
    transform: var(--sun-tilt) scale(1.2);
    animation: planetRotate calc(var(--sun-day)*.1s) linear infinite;
}

.sun .planet::before {
    transform: var(--sun-tilt) scale(1.2);
    border-color: var(--sun-color);
    color: var(--sun-color);
}

.sun .icon {
    transform: var(--sun-tilt);
    color: var(--sun-color);
}

.planet::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    height: 190px;
    z-index: -2;
    left: 50%;
    top: 0%;
    border-left: 1px dashed rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);
}

.atmosphere {
    height: 190px;
    width: 190px;
    position: relative;
    background: radial-gradient(circle at 30% 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3) 0%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 65%);
    border-radius: 100px;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.surface {
    position: absolute;
    height: 100%;
    width: 100%;
    z-index: -1;
    background-size: cover;
}

.sun .atmosphere {
    box-shadow: 0px 0px 10px 0px var(--sun-color), 0px 0px 1000px -2px var(--sun-color);
}

.info {
    width: 100%;
}

.title {
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 28px;
}

.form {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: space-between;
}

.item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-end;
    margin-bottom: 5px;
    font-size: 14px;
}

.item .icon {
    margin: 0 5px;
}

.label {
    font-size: 11px;
}

.line {
    flex: 1;
    margin: 0 5px;
    border-bottom: 1px dashed rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
}

Ma version peut être vue ici .

Et voici un autre système solaire (le meilleur de ce que j'ai vu).

Merci de votre attention.

Bon codage!

Apprentissage des variables CSS avec un exemple pratique

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