Hi Habr! When I learn a new language, I usually make a snake on it. Maybe some newbie who also studies Scala will be interested in the code of another newbie in this PL. For experienced rockers, my first Scala code is likely to be sad. For details, welcome to cat.Content
- Learning Scala: Part 1 - The Snake Game
References
Source codeAbout the game
To work with graphics, libGdx was used on the LWJGL backend. Management takes place using the arrows on the keyboard.Domain
The case class was used to simulate the drynesses because they are not mutable, are compared by value and are generally similar to the record from Haskell.Point in 2D space:case class Point(x: Int, y: Int)
Direction of travel. Using the matching pattern, these classes can be used as enum:
sealed abstract class Direction
case object Up extends Direction
case object Down extends Direction
case object Right extends Direction
case object Left extends Direction
The frame within which the snake movescase class Frame(min: Point, max: Point) {
def points = {
for (i <- min.x until max.x + 1;
j <- min.y until max.y + 1
if i == min.x ||
i == max.x ||
j == min.y ||
j == max.y)
yield Point(i, j)
}
}
Food for the snake:case class Food(body: Point, random: Random) {
def moveRandomIn(frame: Frame): Food = {
val x = random.between(frame.min.x + 1, frame.max.x)
val y = random.between(frame.min.y + 1, frame.max.y)
copy(body = Point(x, y))
}
}
Snake:case class Snake(body: List[Point], direction: Direction) {
def move(): Snake = {
val point = direction match {
case Up() => body.head.copy(y = body.head.y + 1)
case Down() => body.head.copy(y = body.head.y - 1)
case Left() => body.head.copy(x = body.head.x - 1)
case Right() => body.head.copy(x = body.head.x + 1)
}
copy(body = point :: body.filter(p => p != body.last))
}
def turn(direction: Direction): Snake = {
copy(direction = direction)
}
def eat(food: Food): Snake = {
copy(body = food.body :: body)
}
def canEat(food: Food): Boolean = {
food.body == body.head
}
def headIsIn(frame: Frame): Boolean = {
body.head.x < frame.max.x &&
body.head.y < frame.max.y &&
body.head.x > frame.min.x &&
body.head.y > frame.min.y
}
def isBitTail() = {
body.tail.exists(p => p == body.head)
}
}
A game:package domain
case class Game(food: Food, snake: Snake, frame: Frame, elapsedTime: Float, start: Snake) {
val framePoints = frame.points.toList
def handle(input: List[Direction]): Game = {
if (input.isEmpty) {
this
} else {
copy(snake = input.foldLeft(snake)((s, d) => s.turn(d)))
}
}
def update(deltaTime: Float): Game = {
val elapsed = elapsedTime + deltaTime
if (elapsed > 0.1) {
val game = copy(snake = snake.move(), elapsedTime = 0)
if (!game.snake.headIsIn(frame)) {
game.reset()
} else if (game.snake.isBitTail()) {
game.reset()
} else if (game.snake.canEat(food)) {
game.copy(snake = snake.eat(food), food = food.moveRandomIn(frame))
} else {
game
}
} else {
copy(elapsedTime = elapsed)
}
}
def reset() = copy(snake = start)
def points: List[Point] = {
(food.body :: snake.body) ::: framePoints
}
}
Presentation
A class that collects information about pressed buttonsimport com.badlogic.gdx.{InputAdapter}
class InputCondensate extends InputAdapter {
private var keys: List[Int] = Nil
def list: List[Int] = keys.reverse
def clear(): Unit = {
keys = Nil
}
override def keyDown(keycode: Int): Boolean = {
keys = keycode :: keys
true
}
}
The class that controls the display of the game:import com.badlogic.gdx.Input.Keys
import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.glutils.ShapeRenderer
import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.glutils.ShapeRenderer.ShapeType
import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.{Color, GL20}
import com.badlogic.gdx.{Game, Gdx}
class SnakeGame(var game: domain.Game, val sizeMultiplayer: Float) extends Game {
lazy val prs = new InputCondensate
lazy val shapeRenderer: ShapeRenderer = new ShapeRenderer()
override def create(): Unit = {
Gdx.input.setInputProcessor(prs)
}
override def render(): Unit = {
game = game
.handle(prs.list.map(i => i match {
case Keys.UP => domain.Up()
case Keys.DOWN => domain.Down()
case Keys.LEFT => domain.Left()
case Keys.RIGHT => domain.Right()
}))
.update(Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime())
prs.clear()
Gdx.gl.glClearColor(1, 1, 1, 1)
Gdx.gl.glClear(GL20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT)
shapeRenderer.setColor(Color.BLACK)
shapeRenderer.begin(ShapeType.Filled)
for (p <- game.points)
shapeRenderer.circle(p.x * sizeMultiplayer, p.y * sizeMultiplayer, sizeMultiplayer / 2)
shapeRenderer.end()
}
}
The main entry point of the game:import com.badlogic.gdx.backends.lwjgl.{LwjglApplication, LwjglApplicationConfiguration}
import scala.util.Random
object Main extends App {
val config = new LwjglApplicationConfiguration
config.title = "Scala Snake Game"
config.width = 300
config.height = 300
val food = domain.Food(domain.Point(4, 4), new Random())
val frame = domain.Frame(domain.Point(0, 0), domain.Point(30, 30))
val snake = domain.Snake(domain.Point(5, 5) :: domain.Point(6, 6) :: domain.Point(7, 7) :: Nil, domain.Right())
val game = domain.Game(food, snake, frame, 0, snake)
new LwjglApplication(new SnakeGame(game, 10), config)
}