Before the feature goes on sale, in our time complex orchestrators and CI / CD have a long way to go from committing to testing and delivery. Previously, it was possible to upload new files via FTP (no one else does that, right?), And the deployment process took seconds. Now you need to create a merge request and wait a considerable time until the feature reaches the users.
Part of this journey is building a Docker image. Sometimes the assembly lasts minutes, sometimes tens of minutes, which can hardly be called normal. In this article, we take a simple application that we pack into an image, apply several methods to speed up the assembly, and consider the nuances of these methods.
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GitLab. , GitLab Registry . — . : 14 .
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ng n app
PWA ( ):
ng add @angular/pwa --project app
npm-, , docker-. Docker , . . , . , , , . — . , Dockerfile:
FROM node:12.16.2
WORKDIR /app
COPY . .
RUN npm ci
RUN npm run build --prod
Dockerfile — ; , Docker . . — .
: . , . , . , :
- , .
docker rmi $(docker images -q) - .
time docker build -t app . - src/index.html — .
- .
time docker build -t app .
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Dockerfile, , . .
$ time docker build -t app .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 409MB
Step 1/5 : FROM node:12.16.2
Status: Downloaded newer image for node:12.16.2
Step 2/5 : WORKDIR /app
Step 3/5 : COPY . .
Step 4/5 : RUN npm ci
added 1357 packages in 22.47s
Step 5/5 : RUN npm run build --prod
Date: 2020-04-16T19:20:09.664Z - Hash: fffa0fddaa3425c55dd3 - Time: 37581ms
Successfully built c8c279335f46
Successfully tagged app:latest
real 5m4.541s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.000s
src/index.html .
$ time docker build -t app .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 409MB
Step 1/5 : FROM node:12.16.2
Step 2/5 : WORKDIR /app
---> Using cache
Step 3/5 : COPY . .
Step 4/5 : RUN npm ci
added 1357 packages in 22.47s
Step 5/5 : RUN npm run build --prod
Date: 2020-04-16T19:26:26.587Z - Hash: fffa0fddaa3425c55dd3 - Time: 37902ms
Successfully built 79f335df92d3
Successfully tagged app:latest
real 3m33.262s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.000s
, , docker images:
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
app latest 79f335df92d3 About a minute ago 1.74GB
Sending build context to Docker daemon 409MB. build. — «.», — , . 409 — : , .
, . , , . , : . .dockerignore , :
.git
/node_modules
:
$ time docker build -t app .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 607.2kB
Step 1/5 : FROM node:12.16.2
Step 2/5 : WORKDIR /app
---> Using cache
Step 3/5 : COPY . .
Step 4/5 : RUN npm ci
added 1357 packages in 22.47s
Step 5/5 : RUN npm run build --prod
Date: 2020-04-16T19:33:54.338Z - Hash: fffa0fddaa3425c55dd3 - Time: 37313ms
Successfully built 4942f010792a
Successfully tagged app:latest
real 1m47.763s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.000s
607.2 — , 409 . 1.74 1.38:
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
app latest 4942f010792a 3 minutes ago 1.38GB
.
Alpine
— . — , . FROM Dockerfile. Ubuntu, nodejs. …
$ docker images -a | grep node
node 12.16.2 406aa3abbc6c 17 minutes ago 916MB
… . , Alpine Linux. Alpine — . - nodejs alpine 88.5 .
FROM node:12.16.2-alpine3.11
RUN apk --no-cache --update --virtual build-dependencies add \
python \
make \
g++
WORKDIR /app
COPY . .
RUN npm ci
RUN npm run build --prod
, . , Angular ¯(°_o)/¯
619 :
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
app latest aa031edc315a 22 minutes ago 761MB
.
, , .
$ docker run app ls -lah
total 576K
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4.0K Apr 16 19:54 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4.0K Apr 16 20:00 ..
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 19 Apr 17 2020 .dockerignore
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 246 Apr 17 2020 .editorconfig
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 631 Apr 17 2020 .gitignore
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 181 Apr 17 2020 Dockerfile
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1020 Apr 17 2020 README.md
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3.6K Apr 17 2020 angular.json
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 429 Apr 17 2020 browserslist
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4.0K Apr 16 19:54 dist
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4.0K Apr 17 2020 e2e
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1015 Apr 17 2020 karma.conf.js
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 620 Apr 17 2020 ngsw-config.json
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4.0K Apr 16 19:54 node_modules
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 494.9K Apr 17 2020 package-lock.json
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1.3K Apr 17 2020 package.json
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4.0K Apr 17 2020 src
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 210 Apr 17 2020 tsconfig.app.json
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 489 Apr 17 2020 tsconfig.json
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 270 Apr 17 2020 tsconfig.spec.json
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1.9K Apr 17 2020 tslint.json
docker run app ls -lah app ls -lah, .
dist. - . - HTTP- nodejs. . , «». ! . nginx, dist :
server {
listen 80 default_server;
server_name localhost;
charset utf-8;
root /app/dist;
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
}
}
multi-stage build. Dockerfile:
FROM node:12.16.2-alpine3.11 as builder
RUN apk --no-cache --update --virtual build-dependencies add \
python \
make \
g++
WORKDIR /app
COPY . .
RUN npm ci
RUN npm run build --prod
FROM nginx:1.17.10-alpine
RUN rm /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
COPY nginx/static.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d
COPY --from=builder /app/dist/app .
FROM Dockerfile, . builder, FROM . nginx. :
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
app latest 2c6c5da07802 29 minutes ago 36MB
, :
docker run -p8080:80 app
-p8080:80 8080 80 , nginx. http://localhost:8080/ . !
1.74 36 . .
$ time docker build -t app .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 608.8kB
Step 1/11 : FROM node:12.16.2-alpine3.11 as builder
Step 2/11 : RUN apk --no-cache --update --virtual build-dependencies add python make g++
---> Using cache
Step 3/11 : WORKDIR /app
---> Using cache
Step 4/11 : COPY . .
Step 5/11 : RUN npm ci
added 1357 packages in 47.338s
Step 6/11 : RUN npm run build --prod
Date: 2020-04-16T21:16:03.899Z - Hash: fffa0fddaa3425c55dd3 - Time: 39948ms
---> 27f1479221e4
Step 7/11 : FROM nginx:stable-alpine
Step 8/11 : WORKDIR /app
---> Using cache
Step 9/11 : RUN rm /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
---> Using cache
Step 10/11 : COPY nginx/static.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d
---> Using cache
Step 11/11 : COPY --from=builder /app/dist/app .
Successfully built d201471c91ad
Successfully tagged app:latest
real 2m17.700s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.000s
( Using cache). RUN npm ci — 47.338s. , ? , . , , , . , , , , , ! Dockerfile.
FROM node:12.16.2-alpine3.11 as builder
RUN apk --no-cache --update --virtual build-dependencies add \
python \
make \
g++
WORKDIR /app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci
COPY . .
RUN npm run build --prod
FROM nginx:1.17.10-alpine
RUN rm /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
COPY nginx/static.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d
COPY --from=builder /app/dist/app .
package.json package-lock.json, , . :
$ time docker build -t app .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 608.8kB
Step 1/12 : FROM node:12.16.2-alpine3.11 as builder
Step 2/12 : RUN apk --no-cache --update --virtual build-dependencies add python make g++
---> Using cache
Step 3/12 : WORKDIR /app
---> Using cache
Step 4/12 : COPY package*.json ./
---> Using cache
Step 5/12 : RUN npm ci
---> Using cache
Step 6/12 : COPY . .
Step 7/12 : RUN npm run build --prod
Date: 2020-04-16T21:29:44.770Z - Hash: fffa0fddaa3425c55dd3 - Time: 38287ms
---> 1b9448c73558
Step 8/12 : FROM nginx:stable-alpine
Step 9/12 : WORKDIR /app
---> Using cache
Step 10/12 : RUN rm /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
---> Using cache
Step 11/12 : COPY nginx/static.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d
---> Using cache
Step 12/12 : COPY --from=builder /app/dist/app .
Successfully built a44dd7c217c3
Successfully tagged app:latest
real 0m46.497s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.000s
46 3 — ! : , , , , — , .
CI/CD .
- SaaS-, . , .
GitHub Actions.
on:
push:
branches:
- master
name: Test docker build
jobs:
deploy:
name: Build
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
env:
IMAGE_NAME: docker.pkg.github.com/${{ github.repository }}/app
IMAGE_TAG: ${{ github.sha }}
steps:
- name: Checkout
uses: actions/checkout@v2
- name: Login to GitHub Packages
env:
TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
run: |
docker login docker.pkg.github.com -u $GITHUB_ACTOR -p $TOKEN
- name: Build
run: |
docker build \
-t $IMAGE_NAME:$IMAGE_TAG \
-t $IMAGE_NAME:latest \
.
- name: Push image to GitHub Packages
run: |
docker push $IMAGE_NAME:latest
docker push $IMAGE_NAME:$IMAGE_TAG
- name: Logout
run: |
docker logout docker.pkg.github.com
GitHub Packages 20 :
, :
on:
push:
branches:
- master
name: Test docker build
jobs:
deploy:
name: Build
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
env:
IMAGE_NAME: docker.pkg.github.com/${{ github.repository }}/app
IMAGE_TAG: ${{ github.sha }}
steps:
- name: Checkout
uses: actions/checkout@v2
- name: Login to GitHub Packages
env:
TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
run: |
docker login docker.pkg.github.com -u $GITHUB_ACTOR -p $TOKEN
- name: Pull latest images
run: |
docker pull $IMAGE_NAME:latest || true
docker pull $IMAGE_NAME-builder-stage:latest || true
- name: Images list
run: |
docker images
- name: Build
run: |
docker build \
--target builder \
--cache-from $IMAGE_NAME-builder-stage:latest \
-t $IMAGE_NAME-builder-stage \
.
docker build \
--cache-from $IMAGE_NAME-builder-stage:latest \
--cache-from $IMAGE_NAME:latest \
-t $IMAGE_NAME:$IMAGE_TAG \
-t $IMAGE_NAME:latest \
.
- name: Push image to GitHub Packages
run: |
docker push $IMAGE_NAME-builder-stage:latest
docker push $IMAGE_NAME:latest
docker push $IMAGE_NAME:$IMAGE_TAG
- name: Logout
run: |
docker logout docker.pkg.github.com
, build. , - . . Docker c nodejs ( builder). , $IMAGE_NAME-builder-stage GitHub Packages, .
. .
— Dockerfile, , Container Registry .
nodejs Angular-. Dockerfile.node
FROM node:12.16.2-alpine3.11
RUN apk --no-cache --update --virtual build-dependencies add \
python \
make \
g++
Docker Hub:
docker build -t exsmund/node-for-angular -f Dockerfile.node .
docker push exsmund/node-for-angular:latest
Dockerfile :
FROM exsmund/node-for-angular:latest as builder
...
, , .
-. , , :
- ;
- ;
- -;
- Dockerfile, ;
- CI/CD-;
- .
, , Docker, . , , https://github.com/devopsprodigy/test-docker-build.