DeepPavlov: Keras لمعالجة اللغات الطبيعية يساعد على الإجابة عن الأسئلة حول COVID-2019

في مجال التعلم العميق مثل معالجة الصور ، تلعب مكتبة Keras دورًا رئيسيًا ، وتبسط بشكل كبير تعلم النقل واستخدام نماذج مدربة مسبقًا. في مجال معالجة اللغة الطبيعية (NLP) ، لحل المشكلات المعقدة إلى حد ما ، مثل الإجابة على الأسئلة أو تصنيف النوايا ، يجب عليك الجمع بين سلسلة من النماذج. في هذه المقالة ، سنوضح كيف تبسط مكتبة DeepPavlov بناء سلاسل النماذج لـ NLP. استنادًا إلى DeepPavlov واستخدام Azure ML ، سنقوم ببناء شبكة عصبية للإجابة على الأسئلة تم تدريبها على مجموعة بيانات COVID-19.

, , , BERT. BERT, , , , .

BERT , , BERT . , , , , — , — , TF-IDF ( ) .

, . , :

• BERT,
• ,

.

DeepPavlov

DeepPavlov . :

• ;
• , config-;
• , ;
• Python SDK .

NLP . REST API Microsoft Bot Framework. , DeepPavlov , Keras .

DeepPavlov - demo.deeppavlov.ai.

BERT DeepPavlov

BERT. DeepPavlov , , Twitter. chainer , :

• simple_vocab (y), , (y_ids);
• transformers_bert_preprocessor x BERT;
• transformers_bert_embedder BERT-
• one_hotter y_ids one-hot encoding, ;
• keras_classification_model — , CNN ;
• proba2labels — , .

:

• dataset_reader — ;
• train — ;
• .

, :

python -m deeppavlov install sentiment_twitter_bert_emb.json
python -m deeppavlov download sentiment_twitter_bert_emb.json
python -m deeppavlov train sentiment_twitter_bert_emb.json

install (, Keras, transformers ..), download , .

, :

python -m deeppavlov interact sentiment_twitter_bert_emb.json

Python SDK:

model = build_model(configs.classifiers.sentiment_twitter_bert_emb)
result = model(["This is input tweet that I want to analyze"])

: ODQA

, BERT, , , ODQA (Open Domain Question Answering). ODQA , Wikipedia. , , . BERT .

, ODQA :

• , .. ;
• BERT-, — .

ODQA DeepPavlov , R-NET, BERT. , , ODQA BERT. "" COVID-19 OpenResearch Dataset, 52 000 COVID-19. , .

Azure ML

Azure Machine Learning, Notebooks. AzureML — Dataset. COVID-19 Semantic Scholar. , JSON-.

Azure ML Dataset. Azure ML Portal, Datasets from web files. file, . tabular, . URL, .

, , . , notebook compute, . ODQA , Azure ML NC12 112 . .

:

from azureml.core import Workspace, Dataset
workspace = Workspace.from_config()
dataset = Dataset.get_by_name(workspace, name='COVID-NC')

.tar.gz. , UNIX:

mnt_ctx = dataset.mount('data')
mnt_ctx.start()
!tar -xvzf ./data/noncomm_use_subset.tar.gz
mnt_ctx.stop()

. noncomm_use_subset .json, abstract body_text. , Python-:

from os.path import basename
def get_text(s):
    return ' '.join([x['text'] for x in s])

os.makedirs('text',exist_ok=True)

for fn in glob.glob('noncomm_use_subset/pdf_json/*'):
    with open(fn) as f:
        x = json.load(f)
    nfn = os.path.join('text',basename(fn).replace('.json','.txt'))
    with open(nfn,'w') as f:
        f.write(get_text(x['abstract']))
        f.write(get_text(x['body_text']))

text, . :

!rm -fr noncomm_use_subset

ODQA

, ODQA DeepPavlov. en_odqa_infer_wiki:

import sys
!{sys.executable} -m pip --quiet install deeppavlov
!{sys.executable} -m deeppavlov install en_odqa_infer_wiki
!{sys.executable} -m deeppavlov download en_odqa_infer_wiki

. , , , . !

, :

from deeppavlov import configs
from deeppavlov.core.commands.infer import build_model
odqa = build_model(configs.odqa.en_odqa_infer_wiki)
answers = odqa([ "Where did guinea pigs originate?",
                 "When did the Lynmouth floods happen?" ])

:

['Andes of South America', '1804']

, Wikipedia. , :

• What is coronavirus? — a strain of a particular virus
• What is COVID-19? — nest on roofs or in church towers
• Where did COVID-19 originate? — northern coast of Appat
• When was the last pandemic? — 1968

, … , , . — .

(ranker), . DeepPavlov. ODQA en_ranker_tfidf_wiki, data_path, , :

from deeppavlov.core.common.file import read_json
model_config = read_json(configs.doc_retrieval.en_ranker_tfidf_wiki)
model_config["dataset_reader"]["data_path"] = os.path.join(os.getcwd(),"text")
model_config["dataset_reader"]["dataset_format"] = "txt"
model_config["train"]["batch_size"] = 1000

, .

, :

doc_retrieval = train_model(model_config)
doc_retrieval(['hydroxychloroquine'])

, .

ODQA , :

# Download all the SQuAD models
squad = build_model(configs.squad.multi_squad_noans_infer, download = True)
# Do not download the ODQA models, we've just trained it
odqa = build_model(configs.odqa.en_odqa_infer_wiki, download = False)
odqa(["what is coronavirus?","is hydroxychloroquine suitable?"])

:

['an imperfect gold standard for identifying King County influenza admissions',
 'viral hepatitis']

…

BERT Q&A

DeepPavlov , Stanford Question AnsweringDataset (SQuAD): R-NET BERT. R-NET. BERT. squad_bert_infer - BERT:

!{sys.executable} -m deeppavlov install squad_bert_infer
bsquad = build_model(configs.squad.squad_bert_infer, download = True)

ODQA, :

{
   "class_name": "logit_ranker",
   "squad_model": 
    {"config_path": ".../multi_squad_noans_infer.json"},
   "in": ["chunks","questions"],
   "out": ["best_answer","best_answer_score"]
}

, multi_squad_noans_infer. ODQA, squad_model squad_bert_infer:

odqa_config = read_json(configs.odqa.en_odqa_infer_wiki)
odqa_config['chainer']['pipe'][-1]['squad_model']['config_path'] = 
                    '{CONFIGS_PATH}/squad/squad_bert_infer.json'

, :

odqa = build_model(odqa_config, download = False)
odqa(["what is coronavirus?",
      "is hydroxychloroquine suitable?",
      "which drugs should be used?"])

, :

, Azure Machine Learning NLP DeepPavlov - . DeepPavlov , , , . COVID Kaggle , , DeepPavlov Azure Machine Learning. , DeepPavlov – .

Azure ML DeepPavlov . , . . Data Science , , , !